Research progress of gut microbiome in autoimmune diseases of nervous system

Abstract

Gut microbiome is the most direct external environment of human body, which plays a vital role in maintaining human health. Gut microbiome maintains the homeostasis of the human immune system, which can coexist with the host and affect the nutrition, metabolism and immune function. Gut microbiome makes a mutual connection with the nervous system through the immune and endocrine systems, namely the "microbe⁃gut⁃brain" axis. Gut microbiome disorders can cause abnormal immune responses in the nervous system and the periphery, participating in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This article reviews the research progress of gut microbiome in multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs), autoimmune encephalitis (AE), myasthenia gravis (MG), Guillain⁃Barré syndrome (GBS) and other classic autoimmune diseases of the nervous system.

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2022.01.003