Study on the changes and significance of serum NSE, S-100B and GFAP in immature rat model of epileptic seizure

Abstract

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S-100B protein (S-100B) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the serum of immature epileptic rat model, so as to explore the significance of these biochemical indexes on the damage of immature brain after epileptic seizures. Methods The immature epileptic rat model was established by inducing flurothyl to 5-day-old specific pathogen free (SPF) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The experimental animals were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (N = 8) and seizure group (N = 64). Furthermore, the latter was subdivided into single seizure group (N = 32) and repeated seizures group (N = 32). Double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the changes of serum NSE, S-100B and GFAP in control group, single seizure group and repeated seizures group, on the 1st, 2nd, 7th and 15th days of the seizure onset.  Results Compared with control group, the concentrations of serum NSE and S-100B in single seizure group increased significantly on the 1st day of onset (P = 0.000, for all), which respectively rose up to (8.57 ± 0.56) μg/L and (0.45 ± 0.06) μg/L, and then declined gradually to normal (P > 0.05, for all), while no obvious changes of GFAP was found. Compared with control group, the concentrations of serum NSE and S-100B in repeated seizures group reached the peak on the 1st day of onset [(9.33 ± 0.61) μg/L and (0.78 ± 0.10) μg/L; P = 0.000, for all], and then declined gradually to normal on the 7th and 15th days (P > 0.05, for all). Compared with control group, the concentration of serum GFAP in repeated seizures group increased significantly on the 1st day of onset [(0.44 ± 0.05) μg/L, P = 0.004], reached the peak on the 7th day [(0.63 ± 0.08) μ g/L, P = 0.000], then declined gradually, but was still significantly higher than that in control group on the 15th day [(0.40 ± 0.05) μg/L, P = 0.018]. Conclusions NSE and S-100B are highly sensitive biochemical markers of brain damage caused by single convulsive seizure. Repeated convulsive seizures could aggravate brain damage. GFAP is not a sensitive predictive indicator on brain damage caused by single convulsive seizure.

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2015.11.010